Sunday, October 19, 2008

On Power-Law Relationships of the Internet Topology

This paper analyzes Internet and describes three power laws of the Internet topology. The reason these laws are important is that they aid in understanding the topology of the Internet and help in designing more efficient protocols. Also, we can design more accurate simulation models as well as estimate topological parameters for analysis of protocols and speculations of the Internet topology in the future.

The authors use three inter-domain level instances of the Internet from 97-98 during which the topology grew by 45%. They also used the router-level instance of the Internet in 95. The three power laws are:
  1. Rank Exponent: The out-degree of a node 'v' is proportional to the rank of the node to the power of a constant
  2. Out-degree Exponent: The frequency of an out-degree 'd' is proportional to the out-degree to the power of a constant
  3. Hot-plot Exponent: The total number of pairs of nodes within 'h' hops is proportional to the number of hops to the power of a constant
It is observed that all the laws are expressions of the form "y is proportional to x to the power of constant a". Some of the constant do not change significantly over time. During 1998 the power laws linearly fit in log-log plots and the correlation coefficient of the fit is at least 96%.

The paper used real-data for evaluation and used more than one instance of the dataset. The authors argue that the power-laws apply to a range of values because their analysis shows similar results for datasets that were taken when the Internet changed drastically.

The main thing that comes to my mind is the validity of the power laws in the current Internet topology. Do these laws still hold? It will be nice to have a discussion about this. I would recommend keeping this paper because this paper puts forward laws that can be used to design simulation models that are similar to the current Internet topology.

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