Sunday, October 5, 2008

XORs in the AIR: Practical Wireless Network Coding

This paper discusses COPE that exploits network coding theory techniques to improve throughput in wireless networks. COPE also exploits the shared nature of wireless medium. Briefly COPE uses following techniques:
  1. Opportunistic listening - Exploiting the shared nature of wireless medium, COPE sets the nodes in promiscuous modes and makes the nodes snoop on all communications over wireless medium and store overheard packets for time T. Reception reports are sent back.
  2. Opportunistic coding - A node codes multiple packets together such that all the neighbors that will receive the packet can decode.
  3. Learning neighbor state - Each node has to know what packets its neighbors contain. Each node announces to its neighbors its reception report. In case of loss of these reports wireless routing protocols compute the delivery probability between every pair of nodes and use it to identify good paths.
COPE is the first architecture that uses wireless network coding that has been deployed and provides a study of the results. The results show that network coding can improve wireless throughput. Congested UDP flows have throughput gain of 3-4x. In case of TCP their is not much significant improvement. The gain depends on the traffic pattern as well as the coding opportunities available.

The paper is interesting to read because it portrays implementing the theoretical concept of network coding into reality. Something that concerns me is the variation of results based on the type of the network, its topology and traffic pattern. This raises the question of how well COPE will work in real world deployment?

1 comment:

Ashwin Mathew said...

I wondered about real world deployment too; from the authors study with TCP flows suggests, I have the sense that COPE may work well only with a sufficiently dense network. Real world flows would almost certainly offer sufficient diversity to allow enough opportunity for coding to take place.